Dysauxes famula (Freyer, 1836)

Hampson, G. F. (1898). Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British
Museum, vol. 1, Catalogue of the Syntomidae. British Museum, London; pp.
133-134, fig. 53 (as Dysauxes punctata, subsp. 2 famula).

250. Dysauxes punctata.

Bombyx punctata, Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii. p. 207 (1781); Mill. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon
(2), viii. p. 234, pl. 4. ff. 10, 11; Staud. Cat. p. 50; Kirby, Cat. Het. p.
108.
Noctua ancilla, var., Esper, Eur. Schmett. p. 51, pl. 85. f. 3 (1786).
Bombyx serva, Hübn. Eur. Schmett. iii. f. 115 (1827); Godt. Lép. France, iv.
p. 381, pl. 39. f. 4.
Bombyx confamula, Hübn. Eur. Schmett. iii. ff. 226, 227 (1827).

Dark yellowish brown; tegulae and patagia marked with orange; metathorax with
an orange patch; abdomen orange, with dorsal and sublateral series of black
spots. Fore wing with yellowish-white spot in cell and larger spot below the
cell; a postmedial subcostal spot and two in the interspaces between veins 3
and 5, usually well separated, rarely larger and conjoined. Hind wing orange,
with brown spot on discocellulars, and often a brown streak on median nervure;
a terminal brown band, broad at costa, narrowing between veins 5 and 3, then
expanding and ending before tornus.

Hab. Central and S. Europe, Zeller and Frey Colls.; W. Asia; Kashmir, Moore
Coll. Exp. 26 millim.

Subsp. 1. hyalina, Freyer, Neuere Beitr. v. p. 152, pl. 473. f. 2 (1845);
Herr.-Schäff. Aussereur. Schmett. ii. p. 51, f. 127.

Hind wing with hyaline patches more or less developed below the cell and in
the interspaces beyond lower angle; fore wing with the spot in cell sometimes
reduced or absent.

Hab. E. Europe, Zeller Coll.; W. Asia.

Subsp. 2. famula, Freyer, Neuere Beitr. ii. p. 143, pl. 183. ff. 2, 3 (1836).

Usually more fulvous brown. Fore wing with the spot in cell and subcostal spot
minute or absent; the spot below the cell often nearly obsolete. Hind wing
with complete hyaline fascia below the cell extending round lower angle, the
orange on inner area reduced or sometimes almost absent.

Hab. E. Europe, Dalmatia; W. Asia, Syracuse. Zeller Coll.

Seitz, A. (1910). Dysauxes. In: Seitz, A. (ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the
World, vol. 2, The Palaearctic Bombyces and Sphinges. Alfred Kernen,
Stuttgart; pp. 41-42, pl. 9 i (as Dysauxes punctata, with famula Frr.).

D. punctata F. (= famula Godt., serva Hbn., confamula Hbn., ancilla var. Esp.)
(9 i). Forewing dark brown, two white spots on the disc and three before the
apex, the upper one standing alone. Hindwing orange, margin dark brown.
Southern Europe, northward as far as Burgundy, Alsace, Vallais, Southern
Tyrol, Hungary, to the Ural Mts., Asia Minor, Armenia and Turan. -- In hyalina
Frr. (9 i), from South-East Europe and Asia Minor, the hindwing is hyaline in
the costal region; ab. ragusaria, which Zickert bred at Naples together with
normal famula and servula, resembles hyalina in the almost entirely hyaline
hindwing, but the spots on the forewing are absent. -- In famula Frr., from
Dalmatia, the Balkan Peninsula, and Asia Minor, the hindwing is paler and also
hyaline in the costal region. The spots on the forewing, however, are small
and incomplete. -- In parvigutta Christ. (9 i), from Turkestan, all spots on
the forewing are reduced to minute, sometimes almost invisible dots. -- In
modesta Krul., from South Russia, the spots on the forewing are of normal
dimensions, but with a yellow tinge instead of ivory.